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Category Archives: 3dsMax
Here we go then …
I’ve just started with V-Ray after years of using mental ray. I’m trying to be methodical but there is a lot to learn… Here are my notes on things that tripped me up and the new features I need for VFX.
V-Ray Dome light with Sky Texture
For compositing we need the background to be black while the forground elements include reflections and Gi from the sky. In Mental Ray this is done with a Ray Switch Map but in V-Ray we can use the Invisible option in the VRay Light.
Background Alpha Issues
When the Dome Light is Visible the texture also appears in the Alpha channel of the Render. Setting the Invisible option also sets the background alpha to black.
V-Ray Frame Buffer window ( VFB)
http://docs.chaosgroup.com/display/VRAY3/V-Ray+Frame+Buffer
Use ‘save all Image channels’ to or save as an .exr file get deep pixel info out of the V-Ray Frame Buffer window.
Show the frame buffer History dialog by clicking the little H button at the bottom.
Texture antialiasing
V-Ray does not support Max’s mechanism for supersampling materials and maps. Instead, texture antialiasing is controlled by the image samplers. By default V-Ray antialiases everything in the image, including textures.
V-Ray Elements and G-buffer
V-RAY3 Render Elements online Help
Getting elements out of 3dsMax needs some experimentation. V-Ray Adv works with everything But while V-Ray RT does support elements in version 3.0 many seem broken.
There are two different dialogs for saving V-Ray passes.
- The standard 3dsMax .exr file dialog which deals with the g-buffer
- V-Ray Frame Buffer dialog. This has an option to save a V-Ray RAW file
The standard .exr file dialog only deals with the g-buffer. The option to save V-Ray elements along with the g-buffer channels does not seem to work . Plus, as far as I can tell, the g-buffer is only functional with the V-Ray Adv renderer and not V-Ray RT. Which is a shame 🙁
Jokermartini has a tutorial : deep compositing 3ds max vray nuke
Elements For lighting
V-Ray has many different Render elements. There are various possible setups depending on the complexity of the scene and the detail need in the composite.
General all the lighting elements a simply added together to create the final composite. But:
- Work in a linear colour space, or the maths goes wrong and the lighting is way to dark.
- Ideally use 16 or 32bit float .exr files for rendered images.
- RAW elements need to be multiplied by a colour element before being added to the final comp ( see below)
Gregory Chalenko has a good article on Vray lighting passes in fusion
There’s also a great article from Pixar http://renderman.pixar.com/view/TGT_Compositing
Basic Lighting Breakout
GI + Direct + Reflection + Refraction + Specular = Beauty
Elements For a Detailed Lighting Breakout
VRayRawGlobalIllumination and VRayRawLighting elements must be multiplied by the VRayDiffuseFilter element before they are added to the final image.
- VRayRawGlobalIllumination x VRayDiffuseFilter = VRayGlobalIllumination
- VRayRawLighting x VRayDiffuseFilter = VRayLighting
- VRayRawGlobalIllumination
- VRayRawLighting
- VRayRawReflection
- VrayRawRefaction
- VRayRawShadow
- VRayRawTotalLighting
- VRayDiffuseFilter
VRayRawLighting + VRayRawShadow = lighting without shadows
The VRayRawShadow is unusual. It can be added to the VRayRawLighting to adjust the shadow intensity. Simply adding the two elements produces lighting as though no shadows were computed.
EXR files
VRayOptionRE is a special render element that controls settings for V-Ray that are otherwise unaccessible. It does not create an actual image but does control several important exr settings.
V-Ray Utility elements
MultiMatte Element
This element creates an RGB image. Each colour channel is a mask based on a material ID or Object ID.
The advantage of this technique over VRayMtlID or VRayObjectID is that each mask is antialiased
VRaySamplerInfo
This powerful element has a bunch of options for different utility passes including.
- Point ( Good for world space position pass )
- Normal vector
- Reflection vector
- Refraction vector
- UVW
- Normal Vector with bump mapping
Its possible to use multiple VRaySamplerInfo elements in each render
ID Element are not anti-aliased
VRayMtlID and VRayObjectID are Integer ID passes and are (correctly) not anti-aliased. Normally when compositing they should be multiplied by a coverage mask to give the correct alpha. Alas I can’t find a Vray coverage element for 3dsmax. But we can create one from the g-buffer using the standard .exr dialog ( but only in V-Ray Adv not V-Ray RT)
Note: Normally I’ll set up simple: Red,Green,and Blue self illuminating materials to do masking rather than ID elements. Because it’s easy, and I get nicer antialiasing.
Zdepth (in camera space )
It’s worth noting that the V-Ray ZDepth pass is correctly calculated as the distance of each pixel from the lens nodal centre.
Often in CG (especially games ) the zdepth is crudely calculated as the perpendicular distance of the pixel from the camera plane. This means that in the corners pixels have z values that are too close to the camera.
In the viewport the V-Ray camera clipping plane is flat . Because its not curved when we use it as reference for the Z depth pass we need to push it slightly further back. This will make sure the Z depth element does not go out of range.
Like many renders the depth is saved as 1/z
Upgrading the VRay License to a new version
While the license server is running your VRay license server webpage is found at http://localhost:30304/getstatus Scroll to the bottom to find the Upgrade License Link
Network Rendering
Network rendering works pretty simply through Backburner. Just remember to set the server address in the V-ray License server Information of your render slave.
In Programs > ChaosGroup > Licensing > Administration you’ll find the ‘Change V-ray client Settings’ exe
Add the IP or computer name of your server here.
127.0.0.1 is the Localhost.
Tuning the Vray settings
Tuning vray to improve render times is a bit of a dark art. In principle the are various rules of thumb that can be learnt to balance the various settings this prevents computation time being wasted on details that wont be seen.
The new Vray quick settings tool is really useful . But ideally the render settings and materials need to be tuned together so a bit of maxscripting may be needed to help . For those of you who want something of the shelf there is solidrocks
There are some good tutorials online. If you’re just starting then I recommend doing the following tutorials in order.
Akin Bilgic has a beginners tutorial here for optimizing VRay settings by hand.
Toni Bratincevic has this tutorial on Demystifying V-Ray DMC Sampler
John O Connell has this vimeo tutorial on Arch vis renders
Links
Chaosgroup help page for 3dsMax VRAY3
Info/news/tutorials
vray.info
vrayelite.co.uk
VRaymaterials.de – VRay material library and forum
Making sense of VRay Settings
3dsMax gets alembic support in 2015 extension 1. A bit late to the party but this is kinda awesome. Animated 3d models and simulations can now be passed from 3dsMax to Fusion or nuke or Maya or …
Chronosculpt
A time based sculpting package for fixing simulation or adjusting alembic files
https://www.lightwave3d.com/chronosculpt/
Exocortex Crate
exocortex crate . A is fully featured cross platform Alembic plugin and its Free …
It was $399 for 3dsmax but the company has just change to a open source and support model. It has a ton of extra features over the autodesk version, and you can get it by simply entering your email for the download link.
If your up for it heres a link to the github
Other options
There are 2 other options for alembic.io .
- VRAY3 Alembic Support … alas while VRay can import alembic files it can’t export them.
- Digital Frontiers free Alembic plugin looks pretty good. See their video
Frankly the default 3dsMax render settings bug me. They don’t deal with modern cameras. The proxy settings are hard coded and can’t be changed. There’s no easy way to create over-scanned frame without a calculator. So I’ve written my own tool to fix these problems and you can download it for free. If you want to know more read my article on basic camera maths in 3dsmax
Max uses settings and folders tucked away in various windows locations. Sometimes it can be a little tricky to track things down, and even navigating the windows explorer can be tedious if the file is buried in a deep folder structure.
Typing this code into the maxScript Listener will open the Windows Explorer at the folder containing the 3dsMax.ini file.
shellLaunch ( GetDir #maxData )
(note: you can inspect backup and restore 3dsMax.ini settings with this MAXScript)
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